Friday, 5 April 2019

Birmingham Pub bombings: Victims were unlawfully killed

Victims (top row left to right) Neil Marsh (silhouette), Lynn (Lyn) Bennett, Trevor Thrupp, Paul Davies, Michael Beasley, Marilyn Nash and Charles Gray (second row, left to right) Desmond Reilly, Stephen Whalley, Pamela Palmer, Maxine Hambleton, Jane Davis, James Caddick and Thomas Chaytor (third row, left to right) John Clifford Jones, James Craig, Ann Hayes, Stanley Bodman, Maureen Roberts, Eugene Reilly and John Rowlands
Pic-The victims of the 1974 bombings were aged between 16 and 51
Crime reporter(wp/bbc):::
An IRA call came too late to prevent the deaths of 21 people in the 1974 Birmingham pub bombings, a jury found.
The blasts at the Mulberry Bush and Tavern in the Town pubs on the night of 21 November also injured 220 people.
Inquest jurors concluded there were no errors in the way police responded to the warning call and their actions did not contribute to the loss of life.
Families of the victims have called on police to "bring to justice" those behind the bombings.
Julie Hambleton, whose sister Maxine died in the bombings, said: "West Midlands Police have always told us when they get new evidence they will act on it, well here you go, you have the new evidence and I'm sure there is more to be had and more to be found."
She did not describe the inquest's conclusion of unlawful killing as "vindication" but "that our loved ones have now been officially put on to the books as being officially murdered, and as such that gives us hope to move forward to get those who are still alive caught and for justice to be had".
Coroner Sir Peter Thornton QC said the bombings were "etched in the history" of the city.
Jurors at Birmingham Civil Justice Centre found the warning call was not adequate for the purposes of ensuring that lives were not lost in the explosions.
The call from an IRA member was made to the Birmingham Post and Mail at 20:11. The first bomb weighing between 25lb-30lb (11kg-14kg) detonated in the Mulberry Bush seven minutes later.
The second bomb weighing 30lb (14kg) exploded in the nearby Tavern in the Town two minutes later.
A third bomb was planted near the Barclays Bank on Hagley Road but failed to properly detonate that night.
The jury at the six-week hearing said there was "not sufficient evidence" of any failings, errors or omissions in West Midlands Police's response to the bomb warning call, or in regards to two alleged tip-offs to the force giving advanced warning of the blasts.
Following the conclusions, Sir Peter said the "dreadful events will never be forgotten".
"It would be not right to leave the inquest without paying tribute to those who helped that dreadful night," he added.
"We always expect our emergency services, particularly the police and fire fighters to be there for us at the time of disaster and they were."
The coroner went on to thank the members of the public who "just did the right thing and helped as best they could".
"These were the people of Birmingham shown at their best; brave generous, selfless.
"A genuinely positive side of humanity in contrast to the devastation and destruction all around them."
Leslie Thomas QC, representing 10 of the bereaved families, added thanks on their behalf to those who helped on the night of the attacks.
"We just hope, in light of the jury's unequivocal finding that the IRA murdered 21 innocent people, that the West Midlands Police will now redouble their efforts in terms of those bombers who may still be alive to bring them to justice," he said.
The inquests came about after years of campaigning by families for a full account into what happened that night.
A botched police investigation led to the 1975 jailing of the Birmingham Six, but their convictions were quashed by the Court of Appeal in 1991.
There was a dramatic twist towards the end of evidence at the inquest, when a former IRA member named the four the men he claimed were involved in the bombings as Seamus McLoughlin, Mick Murray, Michael Hayes and James Francis Gavin.
The man, identified in court only as "Witness O", said he had been authorised to give those names by the current head of the IRA in Dublin.

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